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SAF2507 Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe
SAF2507 stainless seamless steel pipe is a super-duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steel pipe and tube for service in highly corrosive conditions
Description
SAF2507 STAINLESS SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE
SAF2507 is a super-duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steel for service in highly corrosive conditions. The grade is characterized by:
– Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in chloride-bearing environments
– Excellent resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion
– High resistance to general corrosion
– Very high mechanical strength
– Physical properties that offer design advantages
– High resistance to erosion corrosion and corrosion fatigue
– Good weldability
Standard
– UNS: S32750
– EN Number: 1.4410
– EN Name: X 2 CrNiMoN 25-7-4
– SS: 2328
Product standard
– Seamless tube and pipe: EN 10216-5
– Seamless and welded tube and pipe: ASTM A789; A790
– Flanges: ASTM A182
– Fittings: ASTM A182; (ASTM A815 applied for)
– Plate, sheet and strip: ASTM A240, EN 10088-2
– Bar steel: ASTM A479, EN 10088-3
– Forged billets: EN 10088-3
Approvals
– Approved by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for use in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, div. 1. There is no approval for UNS S32750 in the form of plate.
However, according to ASME paragraph UG-15, the design values for seamless tube according to ASME Section VIII, div. 1 are also allowed to be used for plate.
– ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery piping
NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 (Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H S-containing
Environments in oil and gas production - Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion resistant alloys and other
Chemical composition (nominal) %
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N |
≤0.030 | ≤0.8 | ≤1.2 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | 25 | 7 | 4 | 0.3 |
Corrosion resistance
General corrosion
SAF2507 is highly resistant to corrosion by organic acids, e.g. experience less than 0.05 mm/year in 10% formic and 50% acetic acid where ASTM 316L has corrosion rate higher than 0.2 mm/year. Pure formic acid see Figure 4. Also in contaminated acid SAF2507 remains resistant.
Applications
SAF2507 is a duplex stainless steel especially designed for service in aggressive chloride-containing environments. Typical applications are:
Oil and gas exploration and production | Chloride-containing environments such as seawater handling and process systems. Hydraulic and process fluid tubes in umbilicals |
Seawater cooling | Tubing for heat exchangers in refineries, chemical industries, process industries and other industries using seawater or chlorinated seawater as coolant |
Salt evaporation | Evaporator tubing for production of corrosive salts, e.g. chlorides, sulfates and carbonates |
Desalination plants | Pressure vessels for reverse osmosis units, tube and pipe for seawater transport, heat exchanger tubing |
Geothermal wells | Heat exchangers in geothermal exploitation units, systems exposed to geothermal or high salinity brines, tubing and casing for production |
Oil refining and petrochemical and gas processing | Tubes and pipes where the process environment contains a high amount of chlorides, or is contaminated with hydrochloric acid |
Pulp and paper production | Material for chloride-containing bleaching environments |
Chemical processing | Organic acid plants, also when process solutions are contaminated with e.g. chlorides |
Mechanical components requiring high strength | Propeller shafts and other products subjected to high mechanical load in seawater and other chloride-containing environments |
Desulfurization units | As reheater tubes in flue gas desulfurization systems. The good mechanical and corrosion properties make SAF2507 an economical choice in many applications by reducing the life cycle cost of equipment. |
FABRICATION
Bending
The starting force needed for bending is slightly higher for SAF2507 than for standard austenitic stainless steels (ASTM 304L and 316L).
If the service conditions are on the limit of the stress corrosion resistance of SAF2507 heat treatment is recommended after cold bending. For pressure vessel applications in Germany and the Nordic countries heat treatment may be required after cold deformation.
Heat treatment should be carried out by solution annealing (See under Heat treatment) or resistance annealing.
Hot bending is carried out at 1125-1025°C (2060-1880°F) and should be followed by solution annealing.
Expanding
Compared to austenitic stainless steels, SAF 2507 has a higher proof and tensile strength. This must be kept in mind when expanding tubes into tubesheets. Normal expanding methods can be used, but the expansion requires higher initial force and should be undertaken in one operation. As a general rule, tube to tubesheet joints should be welded if the service conditions include a high chloride concentration, thus limiting the risk of crevice corrosion.
Machining
Being a two-phase material (austenitic-ferritic) SAF2507 will present a different tool wear profile from that of single-phase steels of type ASTM 304L. The cutting speed must therefore be lower than that recommended for ASTM 304L. It is recommended that a tougher insert grade is used than when machining austenitic stainless steels, e.g. ASTM 304L.
Form of supply
Seamless tube and pipe– finishes and dimensions
Seamless tube and pipe in SAF2507 is supplied in dimensions up to 260 mm outside diameter. The delivery condition is solution annealed and either white pickled, or bright annealed.
Other form of supply
– Welded tube and pipe
– Fittings and flanges
– Plate, sheet and wide strip
– Bar steel
– Forged products
– Cast products
Heat treatment
The tubes are normally delivered in heat treated condition. If additional heat treatment is needed due to further processing the following is recommended. 1050-1125°C (1920-2060°F), rapid cooling in air or water.
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